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联邦原则,和重建革命党的必要性

联邦原则,和重建革命党的必要性

Proudhon / Lingkai Kong

21,56 €
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Editorial:
Lulu Press
Año de edición:
2023
Materia
Filosofía social y política
ISBN:
9781739325749
21,56 €
IVA incluido
Disponible
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蒲鲁东以其无政府主义思想著名,然而他的联邦思想长期以来却被忽视。以至于蒲鲁东在自己的书中写道,即便在当时,他的批评者也不仔细阅读他关于联邦制的想法,而粗略地认为他一切关于联邦的论述都是无政府的,这让蒲鲁东非常沮丧。至于这本书《联邦原则,和重建革命党的必要性》,英文和中文互联网上能够找到的信息也非常少。Richard Vernon在1979年曾经出版过该书的英文译本,但只涵盖了谈论联邦主义的主要章节,大约12章。但本书的法语原版却足足有31章。截止目前,该书还没有中文译本,于是译者认为,此时把该书的完整版本翻译为中文,引入中文资料库是非常恰当的。在进行中文译本的修订后,译者还有意重新把该书翻译为英文版本,以补齐英文资料库中剩下的19章的短缺。蒲鲁东认为,政治从根本上,取决于两个截然相反的原则:权威和自由。一个是服从和信仰,一个是自由和理性。这二者和人类历史本身一样悠久。权威的原则,是自然赋予的。而自由的原则,是思想和理性得来的。在自由和权威的各种组合方式中,蒲鲁东把世间各种政体分为2大类和4种具体类型。2个大类分别是权威政体和自由政体。在权威制度中,权力是不可分的。在自由制度中,权力是可分的。任何社会都同时存在权威和自由的因素。只有一种宪法把秩序和自由,稳定和正义结合在一起。而这种人民的理性最终认可的宪法,一定是联邦制。那么如何建立联邦制呢?作者回顾了契约的签订。为了满足契约的协同和互补条件,公民在加入契约时必须满足:1.从国家获得的利益,和他对国家牺牲的利益一样多。2.保留自己的自由,主权和主动权。而蒲鲁东也明确地指出:这种规定和理解的政治契约,就是所谓的联邦。联邦契约的本质是,在这个体系中,缔约各方,即家庭、公社、州、省或王国的首脑,不仅相互承担义务,而且通过订立契约,使契约为自己保留比他们放弃的更多的权利、更多的自由、更多的权力、更多的财产。

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