Richard Feynman’s evolutionary idea of ‘There’s Plenty of Room at the Bottom’ is making striking innovations in our everyday life. Our body is composed of over 32 trillion of cells, which functions by virtue of nanoscale phenomena and nano-devices. The perfect orchestration of the mechanical and molecular devices at the cellular level is the most fascinating source of motivation for scientists, engaged in the research of nanoscience and biology. A picomolar volume of DNA nicely stores all the genetic information, needed to carry out cellular differentiation, programmed cell-proliferation and cell death, and the overall functioning of the living organisms. Inter and intra-cellular exchange of ions, nutrient molecules, or protein trafficking within a cell also occur via a whole system of complex guards and finely tuned molecular apertures. The biological network, which is developed in microbes, are again controlled with a molecular biosystem, distinctly different from human or higher grade of plants. These biological nanomachines inspires biologists and engineers to simulate the working-finesse of these molecular biosystems for scientific and industrials benefits and purposes.The major goal in the nanoparticle research hence is aimed at developing new drugs for precise targeting to the disease site, effective killing of harmful microorganisms, bio-sensing in the agricultural and food industry, acute and precise bioimaging for better diagnosis of a disease or for continuous improvement of bioinstruments like microscopes etc. The list is expanding and including almost all aspects of our life. One of the major challenges in exploration into the sub-atomic size is to obtain a stable nanodevice, since at nanoscale most of the elements become highly reactive yet unstable.Along each chapter of the book, readers will realize with amazements and wonder that at the nano-size how a materials behaves dramatically different, compared to their bulk size. It’s highly interesting to observe, how different nanomaterials (metal, non-metals, polymeric, or magnetic) have been implicated for different biological and biomedical problems. Each chapter provides an insight into the applications of nanomaterials in different biological and biomedical purposes. Undoubtedly, it is a ready reckoner for both the young and advance level researchers in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology.
